The Decline of Union Power and Organized Labor

When the Industrial Revolution swept the United States up in a flurry of new innovations and employment opportunities, no regulations existed yet to govern how employees were treated in the factories or mines but organized labor unions began popping up across the country in order to protect these unrepresented working class citizens. However, the according to the  U.S. Department of State, the changing conditions of the 1980s and 1990s undermined the position of organized labor, which now represented a shrinking share of the workforce. Between 1945 and 1998, union membership fell from just over one-third of the workforce to 13.9 percent. Still, powerful union contributions to political campaigns and members voter-turnout efforts have kept unions interests represented in government to this day. This has recently, however, been mitigated by legislation allowing workers to withhold the portion of their union dues used to oppose or support political candidates. Competition and the Need to Continue Operations Corporations began shutting down work unions resistance movements around the late 1970s when international and domestic competition drove the need to continue operations in order to survive in the cutthroat marketplace that was developing in the 1980s. Automation also played a key role in breaking up union efforts by developing labor-saving automated processes including state of the art machinery, replacing the role of swathes of workers at every factory. Unions still fought back though, with limited success, demanding guaranteed annual incomes, shorter workweeks with shared hours, and free retraining to take on new roles associated with the upkeep of machinery. Strikes have also notably declined in the 1980s and 90s, especially after President Ronald Reagan fired Federal Aviation Administration  air traffic controllers who issued an illegal strike. Corporations have since been more willing to hire strikebreakers when unions walk out, too. A Shift in Workforce and Declining Memberships With the rise of automation and the decline of strike success and means for employees to express their demands effectively, the workforce of the United States shifted to a service industry focus, which has traditionally been a sector unions have been weaker in recruiting and retaining members from. According to the U.S. Department of State, Women, young people, temporary and part-time workers — all less receptive to union membership — hold a large proportion of the new jobs created in recent years. And much American industry has migrated to the southern and western parts of the United States, regions that have a weaker union tradition than do the northern or the eastern regions. Negative publicity about corruption within high-ranking union members has also sullied their reputation and resulted in lower labor involved in their membership. Young workers, perhaps due to a perceived entitlement to the past victories of labor unions for better working conditions and benefits, have also shied away from joining unions. The biggest reason these unions have seen a decline in membership, though, may be due to the strength of the economy in the late 1990s and again from 2011 through 2017. Just between October and November 1999 alone, the unemployment rate fell 4.1 percent, meaning an abundance of jobs made people feel like workers no longer needed unions to maintain their jobs.

The Makropulos Case Analysis - 1760 Words

Bernard William’s The Makropulos Case focuses on the topic of immortality, and the issues that would arise from being immortal. William’s uses the concept of the Makropulos play to refute the idea of immortality, because the protagonist kills themselves out of unbearable boredom from exhausting their categorical desires. Whereas John Martin Fischer rejects William’s view of immortality, due to the limiting constraints of his argument. Fischer asserts the immortal life would be livable, because it reflects a mortal life. In effect, I will further Fischer’s argument, in proposing the concept of categorical desires evolving, and then the significance of external factors occurring in society. Therefore, this essay will explain the significant†¦show more content†¦Therefore, William’s asserts the immortal life would be undesirable, or unlivable since we will inevitably exhaust our categorical desires (100). Whereas, Fischer denies William’s dilemma, because his argument is too narrow in thinking, because William asserts the agent would possess only one categorical desire. However, Fischer denies William’s assertion, because the immortal agent would not be pursuing only one interest. Fischer questions William’s mode of reasoning on why the agent must pursue only one interest; Fischer proposes that the individual would possess a package of categorical desires, which would enable the agent to move in to their immortal future without succumbing to eternal boredom. â€Å"Certainly, an immortal life could consist in a certain mix of activities, possibly including friendship, love, family, intellectual, artistic and athletic activity, sensual delights, and so forth† (216). Rather relentlessly pursuing one good, the packages of categorical desires enable the agent to move between pleasures and keep themselves busy. Furthermore, Fischer rejects William’s asser tion that the immortal agent cannot undergo any form of boredom, and that they must constantly be absorbed in their environment. Fischer asserts all mortal lives consists of temporary moments of boredom/pains, which enable the agent to proceed to mentally stimulating environment/goods (261). Furthermore, the possible issue that the agent would have aShow MoreRelatedThe Makropulos Case Analysis1765 Words   |  8 PagesBernard Williams’ The Makropulos Case, focuses on the topic of immortality, and the issues that would arise from being immortal. Williams’ uses the concept of the Makropulos play to refute the idea of immortality, because the protagonist kills themselves out of unbearable boredom from exhausting their categorical desires. Whereas John Martin Fischer rejects Williams’ view of immortality, due to the limiting constraints of his argument. Fischer asserts the immortal life would be livable, because it

Micro And Nano Electromechanical Systems Engineering Essay Free Essays

string(39) " order to bring forth precise devices\." Introduction It is the procedure by which electricity drives all highly little mechanical devices. It consists of both electrical and mechanical constituents. Components are in the scope of 1 to 100 microns in size and due to its big surface to volume ratio electrostatics and wetting forces dominate. We will write a custom essay sample on Micro And Nano Electromechanical Systems Engineering Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now MEMS are fabricated utilizing semiconducting material device fiction engineerings chiefly used to fabricate smaller devices. MEMS is categorized as actuators and detectors. Detectors are non invasive whereas actuators are invasive and modify the environment. MEMS produce big figure of devices, which have indistinguishable belongingss, by batch processing. In aerospace field dependability is more of import compared to batch processing, as the ballistic capsule has to work for longer clip without failure. Miniaturization of electronics is brought about by decreased cost and mass production. These factors along with decreased size, weight, cost, detectors and actuators are used in miniaturisation of electronics. Micro technology engineering will profit aerospace systems due to decreased size, mass and power demands. Batch fiction of MEMS brought about the revolution of incorporate devices [ 1 ] [ 3 ] [ 5 ] . MEMS integrate the non-electronic detectors with signal conditioning and digital logic electronics on a individual bit. Hence the constituents can be altered based on their on the job status. Actuators are chiefly used to command flux. In aerospace applications MEMS are inserted into micro propulsion systems, strain detectors, inertial gesture detectors, magnetic field detectors, force per unit area detectors, flow rate detectors and so on [ 1 ] . Few Instruments USED FOR AEROSPACE APPLICATIONS Micromachined air-breathing propulsors and actuators MEMS engineering has been used in the industry of solid-state propulsion, called the man-made jet. It is based on the construct of pumping the fluid in oscillating gesture. Actuator has a little hole in a pit. Volume of this pit can be modulated in an oscillating manner. To drive this volume of the pit any mechanical device can be used such that it operates at its resonating frequence. The construction is operated at its resonating frequence so that the drive amplitudes, which are achieved, are moderate. Sucking and blowing the fluid instead through a little hole is how the actuator operates. It should be take attention that the pump shot has a directed jet whereas the suction shot will pull fluid from all waies. Finally we see that the unstable drawn from the sides has low impulse and the fluid expelled upwards has higher impulse [ 2 ] [ 4 ] . The disadvantage of this device is that it is non really efficient as a device on the whole as the entire impulse imparted to the jet is really little. Man-made jets, which are fabricated by MEMS, have the undermentioned advantages i ) uniformity if the device is high and the losingss due to mechanical inefficiencies are reduced due to high Q public presentation of MEMS two ) push of the system can be increased by building arrays of actuators [ 2 ] [ 4 ] . NMP ST5 THERMAL LOUVERS This looks at the flight proof of advanced micro sat engineerings that have non yet been flown to infinite so that the hazard associated with the hereafter NASA missions can be reduced. MEMS shutters have been developed for smart thermic control [ 2 ] . JWST MICROSHUTTER ARRAY James Webb Space Telescope has developed a MEMS based microshutter array. This was developed near the spectrometer instrument. It is composed of for faculties with dimensions of 175 by 384 pels. This device is advantageous as these microshutter are extremely selectively configurable in order to do usage of the NASA ‘s sensor. It is made out of Si nitride membrane [ 2 ] [ 4 ] . INCHWORM MICROACTUATORS This is developed for extremist preciseness placement of the mirror sections in the ballistic capsule. This was chiefly developed utilizing the MEMS/NEMS engineering [ 2 ] . NMP ST6 INERTIAL STELLAR CAMERA It combines MEMS inertial detectors with active pel detectors in order to do it a multifunctional bundle. This s used to take high-resolution exposures in infinite. It has embedded MEMS gyroscope [ 2 ] . MICROTHRUSTERS These enable micropropulsive tactics for formation winging and besides the pointing of nano, pico and micro orbiters exactly. Without MEMS engineering being used for propulsion these devices can non fulfill the limited system mass and power restraints. MEMS engineering is used it provides the advantage of high denseness, low power and volume, big push degrees, quotable push vectors and integrating is simple. For MEMS we make usage of a Si substrate for fabricating [ 2 ] . Fabrication OF MEMS TECHNOLOGY MEMS fiction is a portion of the fiction engineerings. Traditional machining procedure uses big sum of diverse stuffs, 3-dimensional devices can be fabricate in order to bring forth precise devices. You read "Micro And Nano Electromechanical Systems Engineering Essay" in category "Essay examples" When we use MEMS fiction the stuffs used are more limited but little dimension devices can be manufactured. The fiction methods can be grouped into three chief classs. They are: Lithography, Galvanoformung, Abformung ( LIGA ) Bulk micromachining Sacrificial surface micromachining The last two procedures are silicon based. Bulk micromachining utilizations wet or dry etching procedures besides in order to bring forth isotropic and anisotropic stuffs. They produce MEMS structures that can be used for inertial detectors, force per unit area detectors and noses [ 3 ] [ 5 ] . LIGA – It helps to do complex constructions of metals, which are electroplatable, and holding high aspect ratios and thickness of several hundred micrometers. This procedure makes usage of ten beam lithography, thick resist beds and metals in order to organize complex constructions. The procedure starts by lodging a thin bed of sacrificial bed used for dividing the LIGA country from the country of the substrate after fiction. This has good adhesion and merely a think stuff will be sputter deposited. Titanium and Ni are the common stuff used for this procedure. X ray synchrotron is done following in order to bring forth walls over the thick resist to for a mask. Then we do electroplating of the base stuff after which shining is done. The sacrificial bed is removed in order to bring forth the LIGA portion. Magnetic propulsion is possible with this [ 3 ] [ 5 ] . BULK MICROMACHINING – The different countries that have to considered during etching is: Dissembling Selectivity of etch due to crystallographic orientation Etch halt and stop point sensing Endpoint sensing is used in order to command the deepness of the etch and besides to minimise the harm to the movies lying beneath. Plasma etching is best suited for this procedure [ 3 ] [ 5 ] . SACRIFIAL SURFACE MICROMACHINING – This method is holding its roots on deposition, modeling and etching of stuffs on a substrate. They will hold alternate beds of sacrificial and substrate stuff. Sacrificial bed is removed towards the terminal of the procedure, which consequences in a mechanical construction. An anneal is required in order to cut down the degrees of emphasis. The MEMS micromachines are much larger and thicker compared to the microelectronic devices [ 3 ] [ 5 ] . MEMS bundles for aerospace applications – these bundles are used in order to minimise the size, cost, mass and complexness of the system. It helps to supply interface between the overall system and the constituents. These bundles must run into demands such as thermic cycling, humidness, high temperature operation, radiation and daze to call a few [ 3 ] [ 5 ] . MECHANICAL SUPPORT – This is extremely mechanical in nature hence it has to be protected from high acceleration, mechanical daze, radiation and other physical amendss associated with it. This depends strictly on the applications like when a ballistic capsule lands on the planet ‘s surface it will see greater mechanical daze than any other ballistic capsule. Coefficient of thermic enlargement ( CTE ) of the MEMS bundle should be equal to or greater than CTE of Si on order for it to be dependable. The thermic parametric quantities can ensue in delamination or decease checking if there is any job with the Si or emphasis. After CTE job is take attention of the following thing to be considered is physical harm [ 3 ] [ 5 ] . Protection FROM ENVIRONMENT- MEMS packaging has to be protected from physical harm and besides when it is packaged during fiction and before it is sealed. Main attention has to be taken because of its reaction with wet as it causes the stuffs to swell, emphasis and delaminate. Hence, these bundles need to be hermetic with the sidewalls, base and palpebra in order for high dependability. They should be constructed from stuffs that can move as good barriers to liquid and gases and besides they should non pin down gases. Some MEMS french friess require vacuity conditions in order for it to run decently [ 3 ] [ 5 ] . Feature size 3-5Â µm 3-5Â µm 1Â µm 10-25Â µm Device thickness A ; gt ; 1mm A ; gt ; 1mm 13mm Very Large Lateral dimension A ; gt ; 2mm A ; gt ; 2mm 2mm A ; gt ; 10m Relative tolerance 10^-2 10^-2 10^-1 A ; gt ; 10^-3 Materials Electroplated metals or injection plated plastic Very limited stuff Very limited stuff Highly big sum of stuff Assembly demands Assembly required Assembly required Assembled as fancied Assembly required Scalability Limited Limited Yes Yes Microelectronic intergrability No Yes Yes No Device geometry Two dimensional high facet ratio Two dimensional high facet ratio Multi bed two dimensional Very flexible three dimensional Processing Parallel processing at wafer degree Parallel processing at wafer degree Parallel processing at wafer degree Consecutive processing Table: COMPARISION OF MEMS FABICATION METHODS TYPES OF MEMS PACKAGES Metallic element PACKAGES – This provides first-class thermic dissipation and electromagnetic shielding. They can hold big internal volume but still dependable. Package will hold integrated sidewalls and base with palpebras. Materials are mainly metals like CuW, which have good thermic conduction, and higher CTE compared to silicon. Trapped gases should be removed invariably as it reduces failures related to corrosion. Au-Sn solder is used when stuffs have to be bonded. Welding can besides be used alternatively of solder. The metallization procedure allows for wetting the conducting pin wholly to the ceramic. Incomplete wetting consequences in failure during proving [ 6 ] [ 7 ] . CERAMIC PACKAGES – These have low mass, cost and can be produced in majority. These can be made hermetic and can execute different map. When we incorporate multiple beds of ceramics and interconnect lines, electrical public presentation of the bundle will run into the design demands. On each movie a metal bed is deposited utilizing thick movie processing and holes for interconnects are drilled. After these beds are fabricated the portion is fired at high temperature and MEMS and other constituents is attached to it. Many factors should be take attention of in this bundle that is the sum of holes, shriveling beds, treating temperature and ceramic belongingss. Frequently used metals are W and Mo. Normally used music directors are Ag, AgPd, Au and AuPt [ 6 ] [ 7 ] . THIN-FILM MULTILAYER PACKAGES – Two engineerings are used. First uses polyamide sheets, which are laminated together. Second, polymeric amide is used in this instance besides but each bed is spun onto and baked on carried to organize beds. In this method we use etching. The polymeric amides have lower permittivity so it has low line electrical capacity, which consequences in faster circuits [ 6 ] [ 7 ] . Plastic PACKAGES – These have lower fabrication cost. These are non extremely dependable and are non anchoritic in nature. These bundles are susceptible to checking in humid environment. Hence these bundles have non gained much importance [ 6 ] . EXAMPLE APPLICATIONS OF MEMS FOR SPACE MEMS devices used for infinite applications have reduced weight, cost, size and power ingestion. Common detectors and actuators used are accelerometers, gyroscopes, gaussmeters and spectrometers. VARIABLE EMITTANCE COATING INSTRUMENT FOR SPACE TECHNOLOGY 5 The tegument on the orbiter where we need to maintain the MEMS based thermic control is called variable emittance surfacing instrument. This consist of 2 parts I ) MEMS shutter array radiator ( MSA ) and electronic control unit ( ECA ) . MSA located on bottom deck of ballistic capsule whereas ECA located within the ballistic capsule. Consists of arrays in the order of 150mm long and 6 millimeters broad shutters and are driven by electrostatic combs. Device exposed to the radiator and substrate should be thermally and electrically coupled to the radiator so that heat is allowed to reassign and electric charging is prevented. A polymer called CPI, which is both transmissive and electrically conductive, is used to extinguish the jeopardies due to environment. A 4mm movie midst is sandwiched and bonded. CPI movie is suspended above shutters and Acts of the Apostless as a barrier between MEMS and environment. Coating of InSnO2 is applied to for electrical conduction [ 7 ] . FLAT PLASMA SPECTROMETER FOR THE USAFA FALCONSAT-3 MEMS fiction helped in doing usage of level plasma spectrometer ( FIaPS ) , which provides finer declarations and angular distributions. FIaPS was placed on the orbiter which will so mensurate the ion spectra derived function in energy. This instrument includes a PCB, power supply, detector caput array and human body. Sensor caput is fabricated and assembled, it consists of an array of indistinguishable spectrometer faculties and an anode home base for sensing. This consists of three beds of Si and two beds of Be Cu. Five beds are stacked instead. CuBe home bases were used for preciseness to accomplish array of channels. Each Si had 5 dies. Wafer was diced such that each of the five dies are bonded separately to the CuBe home bases. The remainder of the points were assembled and packaged into ballistic capsule interface lodging unit utilizing many prison guards. Bonded constituents of detector caput used iridite plated aluminum rods for maintain the MCP [ 7 ] . MICROMIRROR ARRAYS FOR THE JAMES WEBB SPACE TELESCOPE ( JWST ) JWST is equipped with mutiobject spectrometer, MEMS mirror arrays which acts as a slit mask for the spectrometer and selectively direct visible radiation from different parts in the infinite to the spectrometer. CMOS driver bit was designed. Large french friess are bonded onto Si substrate to extinguish emphasiss due to mismatched coefficients between the bit and substrate. CMOS assembly was put inside the bundle utilizing peripheral force per unit area contacts [ 7 ] . MICROJET JET ENGINES This is a micromachined actuator used for propulsion and energy transitions. This device is being developed presently consists of a compressor, burning chamber and turbine. It uses H as its fuel. High aspect ratio of this device is obtained utilizing reactive ion etching ( RIE ) which is an advanced method of MEMS engineering [ 7 ] . Detectors and Actuators in Aerospace Applications Detectors are used in assortment of aerospace applications like set downing cogwheel, ice protection. Measuring of fuel and pilotage. Modern airplanes have automated cockpits and a batch for information about the aircrafts tallness, velocity, temperature and cabin force per unit area is given by the array of detectors in it. These vehicles besides have automatic pilotage due to inertial counsel systems and conditions updates are given continuously. These detectors are utile in meteoric facets to cognize more about the conditions [ 7 ] . The usage of MEMS in aerospace systems is extremely application particular and reduced the size, power ingestion and weight at the constituent degree. The cost and advantage and electronic integrating capacities of MEMS will assist in leting distributed measuring and propulsion. This helps in cut downing size, wet content and it becomes more vulnerable and dependable [ 7 ] . Decision Here we have seen a big figure of packaging applications that ‘s have been used by MEMS devices in infinite applications. In the semiconducting material industry, these bundles are the lone devices that can protect devices from radiation and this holds for packaging of MEMS device. These actuators and detectors need to be exposed to the environment to execute their original maps ; besides due to the individualism of MEMS devices, there is no general bundle solution, every device requires its ain bundle attack of MEMS. The bundle needs to protect the device from all the environmental conditions. Humid and wet content has to be taken attention of decently for MEMS bundles to be dependable. There been many chances to turn out how utile these bundles are in the flight and infinite applications. In order to larn more about MEMS applications many more flight chances should be made [ 6 ] . How to cite Micro And Nano Electromechanical Systems Engineering Essay, Essay examples

Competitive Strategy for Microsoft & Starbucks-myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theCompetitive Strategy for Microsoft Starbucks. Answer: Microsoft Microsoft was established in the year 1975. It was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen. The company has its headquarters in Washington, USA. Company deals in computer software industry, customer hardware industry and consumer electronics. Key products of the company include Windows, Office, Servers, Skype, Visual studio, Xbox, Mobile and lot more. Main services of the company are Bing, LinkedIn, one drive, outlook, windows store etc. Companys mission is to enable every individual and organisation to achieve more by empowering them. The company is worlds most valuable company of the world and leader in the software industry. Satya Nadella is the current CEO of the company (Microsoft, 2017). Microsoft products are today used by almost all the individuals and offices. The company can be thought of as a profit producing machine that is well managed (Marks, 2013). The credit for the success of the company can be given to various factors. Some of those are discussed here. The major reason for the Microsoft being a powerful player in market is that its management is very effective. IT the past so many years the Microsoft has not made any major blunders. The company faced some twist and turns but was able to recover through them. This is one the reasons that company is most trustworthy. The Microsoft had a diverse business portfolio. When others thought of the declining market share of windows the Microsoft invested itself into various other strong domains. Major of them were Xbox which got great success in gaming. The company has built multiple business platforms to deal with the uncertainties of the particular segment (Satell, 2013). Another reason for the current market sta nding of the company is its ability and willingness to think out of the box. Microsoft has around 1000 research labs that are designed to give innovative products and users. It continuously work s on various projects to provide something different and useful Major innovative projects on which company is working on include the Surface Hub, Hololens and Oculus Rift (Gewirtz, 2015). Another tactics of the firm that helped it to gain current market success is communication with enterprise. The company product Windows Vista was unsuccessful in the markets. Therefore before launching Windows the company provided it to the few enterprises and checked for the suitability of the product. The company had communication with the selected enterprises to find out the debugs and errors in the product. This communication helped the firm to alter the product before launching it on the large scale. The current sales show how positively this tactics of the company responded (Reisinger, 2010). The oth er contributing success factor for the company is effective management of intellectual capital. By the term intellectual capital it does not always means patents; it means the broad knowledge base that has been developed by the company over the time. This knowledge base in embedded in software development libraries which help in effective and efficient management of the product. Microsofts community partners, who are now 40,000 firms in number, also contribute for innovative product development (Silverthrone, 2002). Starbucks Starbucks was founded in Seattle, Washington in the year 1971. This is an American coffee company and coffee house chain (Starbucks, 2016). Kevin Johnson is the current CEO of the company. The company provides differentiation in terms of quality, taste and customer experience. The company introduced dark roasted coffee and handmade light roasted coffee. The company serves coffee beverages, tea, smoothies, baked goods and sandwiches. Starbucks began as a small Coffee been store and today it is the well-known global brand. The company faced many downturns and challenges but still holds the prominent market position. There are various reasons for the current market standing of the company. Some of those reasons are ambience, wide market targeting and consistently convenient. The ambience of the place is a major factor drawing customers to the company. The prices of the company are very high and customers are ready to pay that price not only because of the coffee taste. The reason for that is the attractive ambience of the place. Almost all the outlets of the Starbucks have similar kind of ambience. This includes rich warm colour scheme, baristas in green aprons, organic-looking art and alternative music. The next success factor for the company is wide target market. The company focused on wide target market. It developed products for all age groups. The menu includes plenty of beverages other than coffee and small snack sections. This helps to attract snack seekers and children. It serves as a place for everyone. Starbucks is a customer centric organisation and keeps all the needs of the customer s at priority. The Starbucks is the worlds largest food chain with around 17000 stores across 50 countries because of its business model. Starbucks focus on the convenience for the customer. The well skilled and trained workforce at skilled workforce of the Starbucks works to continuously serve the customers best of their level. The company is also working to make the ordering process cashless. The Companys model is designed in such a way that it provides the feeling of relaxation to its customers (Hennessey, 2012). Also the business model of the company is culturally sensitive to different cultures across the globe. Another factor that contributed to the companys success is adaptation to the digital means. For instance, in the Asia pacific region the company has recently launched new loyalty programme and designed a mobile and digital payment platform (Team, 2016). Another factor that is responsible for current market standing is deep understanding of CAGE framework. The CAGE frame work gives an understanding about Cultural, Administrative, Geographic and Economic differences between the countries. This Framework has enabled the company to clearly identify the differences in the overseas market and the company adopted market strategy according to them. The other success driving factors for the company are diverse product mix, creating substantial partnership and innovative and versatile products and services. The company also has strong marketing mix. It uses various marketing tools as direct mail for the purpose of distributing coupons to frequent customers, newspaper advertising, diversification of brand name and social media marketing. References Gewirtz, D., 2015. 10 reasons Microsoft is still a force to be reckoned with, viewed on 24 August 2017 from https://www.zdnet.com/article/10-reasons-microsoft-is-still-a-force-to-be-reckoned-with/ Hennessey, R., 2012. 3 Reasons Why Starbucks Still Shines, Despite Market Shortcomings. The Forbes, viewed on 24 August 2017 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelhennessey/2012/08/06/3-reasons-why-starbucks-still-shines-despite-market-shortcomings/#3e81c5631cd0 Marks, G., 2013. The Secret To Microsoft's Success, viewed on 24 August 2017 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/quickerbettertech/2013/10/28/the-secret-to-microsofts-success/#2c9cd9773915 Microsoft, 2017. We believe in what people make possible, viewed on 24 August 2017 from https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/about/default.aspx Reisinger, D., 2010. 10 Things Microsoft Did to Make Windows 7 a Success, viewed on 24 August 2017 from https://www.eweek.com/enterprise-apps/10-things-microsoft-did-to-make-windows-7-a-success Satell, G., 2013. The Secret of Microsoft's Success (And Some Lessons For Apple), viewed on 24 August 2017 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/gregsatell/2013/04/15/the-secret-of-microsofts-success-and-some-lessons-for-apple/#23dfdd841587 Silverthrone, S., 2002. The Secret of How Microsoft Stays on Top, Harvard Business School, viewed on 24 August 2017 from https://hbswk.hbs.edu/ Starbucks, 2016. About Us, viewed on 24 August 2017 from https://www.starbucks.in/about-us Team, T., 2016. Let's Look At Starbucks' Growth Strategy. The Forbes, viewed on 24 August 2017 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/greatspeculations/2016/09/19/lets-look-at-starbucks-growth-strategy/#549674923d71